The cause was a buildup up of propellants before ignition of its engine. Although the engine had been successfully test fired, the first flight attempt blew up on the launching pad on 21 December 1933, half a second after ignition. The rocket could not be rotated for stability as with a ballistic shell, as centrifugal force would force the liquid fuel to rise up along the walls of their tanks, which made feeding propellants to the combustion chamber difficult. The rocket was stabilized by a 40 kg (88 lb) 3 axes gyroscope system in the nose, supplied by Kreiselgeräte G.m.b.H. The LOX tank was located within the fuel tank and insulated with a fiberglass material. The engine, designed by Arthur Rudolph, used a pressure-fed rocket propellant system burning ethanol and liquid oxygen, and produced 2.9 kN (660 lbf) of thrust for 16 seconds. The rocket was 1.4 meters (4 ft 7 in) long, 30.5 centimeters (12 in) in diameter, and had a takeoff weight of 150 kilograms (331 lb). The A1 was the grandfather of most modern rockets. ![]() It was designed in 1933 by Wernher von Braun in a German armed forces research program at Kummersdorf headed by Walter Dornberger. The A1 was the first rocket design in the Aggregat series. Its greatest success was the A4, more commonly known as the V-2. The Aggregat series (German for "Aggregate") was a set of ballistic missile designs developed in 1933–1945 by a research program of Nazi Germany's Armed Forces ( Wehrmacht).
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